發炎好痛!發炎是罪魁禍首嗎?
「發炎,聽起來就不是好事?」
「運動傷害,可能是身體不再發炎。」
不管是關節炎、肌腱炎,聽起來跟「發炎」有關的就沒有好事,「降低發炎、消炎」也常被認為是減緩疼痛、傷病的標準答案。其實,發炎沒有我們想像中的不好,人體中有許多反應包括:產生疼痛、發燒、發炎,都是一種保護機制,促進身體修復、避免傷害等,甚至有許多慢性運動傷害會導致「身體不再發炎」。
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1.發炎是什麼?為何被污名化?
發炎(inflammation),是在人體損傷後,進行自我修復的第一步。就像一間餐廳發生火災,首先要能撲滅火勢、救難人員進場,協助後送傷患到醫院。待一切穩定後,拆除廢材並重新裝修。
發炎時,血管的通透性會增加,使得更多血液、養分、免疫細胞能進到患處,同時告訴大腦說「這個地方有受傷,我們需要修復跟協助它」。
發炎會被污名化,常跟「其伴隨的不適、副作用」有關,急性發炎時多有「疼痛、腫脹、僵硬、溫度上升」等現象,讓身體感到不舒服、或者說是一個自己不熟悉的狀態,因此大多人會想盡快擺脫這個情況。
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2. 發炎就跟打疫苗一樣?
打疫苗跟發炎的共同處,在於「啟動身體的免疫系統」,免疫系統像是抵抗病毒、保護身體的角色。打疫苗如同「將長得很像新冠病毒的物質,打進身體裡,讓身體能先做好準備」,這也是會發燒、噁心、全身痠痛等副作用的原因,因為免疫系統啟動,透過核心溫度上升等方式來對抗病毒。
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3. 「慢性運動傷害」,身體不再發炎?
有許多運動傷害,不像是剛拉傷或扭傷,可能休息幾天自然就好了,而是不再有「紅、腫、熱」等反應,只有反覆性的疼痛、不適,似乎做什麼復健或治療都不會好。肩膀痛、肌腱炎、足底筋膜炎等,都可能演變成「慢性」傷害。就像是身體已經受夠每次都要「發炎」,讓受傷的地方修復,索性就不再理它。
這類的疾病,必須透過「可以重啟發炎反應」的治療,並且配合運動治療或訓練,才能比較好的效果。例如增生療法、震波、離心訓練等,都是刻意讓受傷的地方「有微損傷、發炎」,來重新啟動修復。
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4. 發炎是個「提醒」
發炎跟疼痛都扮演「提醒」的角色,告訴你身體出了些狀況,不會讓你血流不止、心臟停止跳動、肌肉斷裂等,結果自己都不知道。所以發炎可能代表你要為身體做些改變,可能是飲食、運動、動作方式、生活習慣、情緒、壓力等。當這些因素沒有改變,發炎或疼痛可能會反覆發生,到最後身體也會放棄抵抗,不再幫助自己。
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『希望透過所學,將運動醫學、運動科學、運動訓練等知識,用最簡單的語言分享給需要的人』
–陳曉謙 物理治療師/肌力與體能訓練師
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